Explosive-motor



H. l. SAWYER, DECD.

F. meson, ADMINISTRATOR.

EXPLOSIVE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, I920- Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1- FIG. 1

314001 oz .561 daw yer FIG. 2.

H. l. SAWYER, DECD.

F. OLESON, ADMINISTRATOR.

EXPLOSIVE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR\20, 1920.

Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD I. sAWYER, or POMERGY, wasnme'ron; FRANK OLESON, ADMINISTRATOR or- SAID HOWARD I. sawvna, nnonasnn, AssIGNoR'To H. I. s. MOTOR CORPORA- TION, or POMEROY, w-AsnINeToN, A coRroRATIoN or WASHINGTON.

nxrnosrvn-ivroron. .7

T 0 all 10 From it may concern:

Be it known that I, Howl Ro I. SAWYER,

a citizen of the United States of America,

following is a specification.

The primary object :of the inventionis the provisionof an explosive motor in which the piston is-given an impulse stroke at each extremity of its reciprocating path of travel when such is found to be desirable,.under the control however of suitable timing means, the construction being simpleand possessing great strength as well being provided with efficient cooling means.

A further object of the invention is to provide an explosive motor having an auX- iliary charge adapted for direct ignition for firing the main charge in the explosion chamber at a predetermined time, the initial charge and .main' charge being automatically controlled upon the operation of the piston.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an explosive ,motor providing maximiun cooling surface for the cylinders and having readily accessible chargeignig tion means, the reciprocations of the piston toward each end of the motor automatically feeding and igniting charge to the ignition means as Well as compressing the main charge for a suitably timed explosion to im part the power impulse to the piston.

lVith these general objects in view the invention consists of the novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings and in which like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings, I

Figure l is an elevational view-of the invention partially broken away,

Fig. 2 is a view partly in elevation of the adjacent side thereof, mainly illustrating the invention in central longitudinal section withthe piston positioned adjacent one extremity of its longitudinal movement,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented N 30, 1920. Application fil ed March 20, 1920. Serial No. 367,344.

view through a portion of the cylinder Wall and piston taken upon a plane perpendicular to the plane of section of Fig. 2, with the cylinder heads removed,

Fig. lis a view similar to Fig. 2, showing tion, the piston-being at substantially the opposite limit of its stroke, and Fig. 5 is an elevational view of the opposite side of the invention from that illustrated in Fig. 4.

Referring more in detail to the drawings,

a motor cylinder 10 is provided having a sultable water cooling space 11 with closing 7 heads 12 at its opposite ends provided with water-receiving space 13 communicating with the space 11 when the cylinder heads are in position. Each head 12 comprises a disk portion'l l, and a cup-shaped portion 15, the latter projecting inwardly of the bore 16, 0f the cylinder, when the device is assembled and having a chamber 17, normally filled with water from the cooling spaces 13 and 11. The heads 12 are secured in position in any manner desired, while a circulating means for the cooling water within the spaces 11 and 13 and chamber 17 .may, also be provided in substantially the usual manner and unnecessary to herein illustrate.

A tubular piston 18 adapted to reciprocatewithin the cylinder bore 16, is herein illustrated preferably comprising a casting iron sleeve 19 with an aluminum covering or outer layer 20, the sleeve 19 beingshrunk into the said covering 20 while suitable packing rings 21 are provided encircling and countersunk in the outer surface of said covering 20, and packings 21 are provided adjacent the innerends of the cylinder head portions 15. Rods 22 are secured to the piston in any suitable manner such as by threading the ends 23 thereof into the covering 20 as best illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the said rods extending through suitable passages 24 in the adjacent head 12, for operable connection with a power mem ber such as a crank shaft notshown.

Manners of operatively connecting the piston to adriven element are set forth in 1 my Letters Patent No. 1,316,192, dated Sep' Fig. 3 is acentral longitudinal sectional tember 16, 191-9, and upon which invention,

considerable of the' cylinder in side eleva- Y the herein described invention constitutes an improvement. o O

A central partition 25 in thepiston 1'8 d1- vides the interior thereof intotwo equal chambers 26'withinwhich project the cupshaped portions 15 of the heads 12, as shown 7 in Fig. 2 of the drawings. A gasolene manifold 27 of any suitable form receiving explosive mixture from any suitable source of supply is carried by the cylinder communicating with ports-28 through the side ments of the piston 18. V 7

- Openings'31 are provided through the l of the cylinder terminating as at 29, adjacent the opposite ends 'of-the bore 16, and" having inwardly opening check valves 30 of any suitable form preventing outward movement of the explosive mixture after being drawn into the bore 16 by the moyeside of the cylinder 10 for receiving spark plugs 32, pockets 33 being formed at the inner endsof the spark plug openings 31, for

receiving an initial ignition charge through passages34, in the wall of the cylinder leading'toward the opposite ends thereof, and opening as at 35, adjacent the opposite ends of the cylinder bore 16.- 'A diagonal opening 36 extends outwardly fromeach chamber 26 for alternately registering with one of the pockets'33 and exhaust port 37 inthe side of the cylinder 10,

\ an exhaust pipe 38 being'providedior said the piston as best illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. a

In operation, the movement of the piston 18 away from one end of the bore '16 draws an explosive charge thereinto through the inlet port 29 from the gasolene manifold 27 while the'return stroke of the piston compresses-the charge in said end of the bore 16, forcing a small quantity through the v passagerto the pocket 33, the inner end 01.

whichv pocket is at such times normally closed bv the adjacent side of the piston :18. A plurality of by-pass channels 42 are provided adjacent the ends of the bore 16 in the cylinder wall for registry with the ports 41 when the piston 18 nears the extremity of its stroke in a corresponding direction during the comprcssingof the charge in the end of the bore 16, which is being approached by said piston. hen the-ports 41 register with the by-pass channels 42, the explosive charge passes from the adjacent end of the bore 16', through the passage 39 and into the chamber 26, in the opposite end of the piston 18, through'the ports 40. 'Inthis manner, the pocket 33 of one explosive chamber 26 receives its ignition charge whiletheexplosion chamber 26 at the corresponding end of the motor is compressing its charge between the partition-25, otthe piston, andthe end cap 43'of thefadjacentfcylinder head 12;; I It will be understood however, that simultaneously therewith, the explosive charge is being delivered into the opposite explosion chamber 26 through the poirts40thereof, so. that simultaneously wlth the reception of a charge of explosive mixture in one explosion cham- .ber, 26, the charge is'being compressed in the other explosion chamber and an {initial igniting charge is beingreceived through the adjacent passage 34' into the pocket 33 for ignition by the adjacent plug32 and the firing of such compressed charge through the registering opening 36,, of the'piston.

The charge-receiving chamber? 26 isexhausting through the opening 36there'of, registering with the exhaust outlet 37, when the opposite explosion chamber26 is' under compression with the charge therein ready for ignition to'impart an impulse orstroke to the piston 18 upon the firing'thereof at a suitably timed instant by the ignition of the small quantity of explosive mixture within the adjacent pocket 33 at "the end of the motor at which the piston 18 is substantially at the end of its compression stroke. 7 q My motor maybe positioned either vertic'ally, obliquely, or horizontally for active operation and when in thevertical position as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, of the drawings, it will be apparent that the "upper pocket 33 having received an ignition chargefrom the upper end of thebore 16. during the upward movement of the piston 18, will explode the compressed mixture be tween the cylinder head portion 43, and the partition 45, thereby causing the lowering of the piston upon one of its power strokes. During the downward movement of the piston 18, the upper explosion chamber 26 is 34, such downward movement also forcing a new charge of explosive mixture through the ports 40, passages 39, and ports 41 from the 'lower'end of the bore 16, into the upper explosion chamber 26"when the 1 piston is substantially at the lower extremity of its bore 16, and also clears the small passage I movement, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. l ofthe drawings.

The introduction of a new charge to the lower explosion chamber 26 is accomplished in a similar manner when the piston has reached substantially its upper limit of movementas illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. From this description it will be seen that the pocket 33 for one explosion chamber 26, is being filled simultaneously with the compressing of the charge in its explosion chamber while the feeding of a new charge to the opposite explosion chamber is also taking place at such times.

An explosive impulse is imparted to the piston 18 when the piston is approximately positioned at itsiopposite extremities of longitudinal movement.

The complete operation of the invention will be fully understood from this detailed description thereof, and while the preterable embodiment thereof is herein set forth, it will be understood that minor changes may be made therein, without leparting from the spirit and scope of my in vention.

What I claim as new and desire to by Letters Patent is i 1. An explosive motor comprising a cylinder, ahead upon one end of the cylinder projecting inwardly of the bore thereof, a spark plug in the side of the cylinder, a reciprocating piston within the cylinder having an explosive chamber therein, and with a combined inlet and exhaust passage through the piston communicating with said chamber and adapted to register with said plug when the explosive charge is under compression with the piston positioned approximately at one extremity of its stroke, whereby the charge is adapted for ignition by the plug during operation, the cylinder being provided with a passage for explosive mixture secure leading from a point adjacent one end of the sparking end of the plug whereby an initial tially the opposite igniting charge is furnished to the plug for igniting the explosive charge in the explosion chamber through said combined inlet and exhaust passage of the piston and means for supplying a fresh charge of explosive mixture to the explosion chamber when the piston is positioned at substanextremity of its movement. r

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, heads closing the opposite ends of the cylinder, with cup-shaped portions projecting axially within the bore of the cylinder, the side wall of the cylinder having an exhaust opening and spark plug openings at the opposite sides of said exhaust opening, spark plugs in said spark plug openings, a tubular piston reciprocatingly mounted in the bore having a central partition providing an explosion chamber in each end of the piston with the wall of the piston having angular openings communicating with said chambers adjacent the partition, and adapted to register alternately with the spark plug openings selectively and with said exhaust opening, whereby an operative explosion in one chamber and. the exhausting of the opposite chamber is simultaneously efi'ected upon each stroke of the piston, the piston being provided with sets of longitudinal passages terminating at the periphery of the piston adjacent the opposite ends thereof with the other ends of each set of longitudinal passages inletting adjacent the opposite ends of said explosion chambers, the inner wall of the cylinder having by-pa-ss groovesv adapted for registry with the peripheral terminating ends of said passages whereby explosive mixture to one of said chambers is effected from a point adjacent the opposite end of the bore at each reciprocation of the piston, the cylinder being provided with an inlet port for explosive mixture adjacent the opposite ends of the bore whereby explosive mixture is adapted to be drawn into the end portions of the bore during the reciprocations of the piston inwardly away from said inlet ports selectively, the wall of the cylinderhaving longitudinal passages leading from points adjacent the ends thereof, to pockets formed in the inner end portions of the spark plug openings inwardly of said plugs when operatively positioned, whereby the pocket for the plug in one end portion of the cylinder is supplied with an initial ignition charge simultaneously with the compressing of the explosive charge in the adjacent explosion chamber and the supplying of an explosive charge to the opposite explosion chamber.

3. An explosive motor comprising a cylinder having an exhaust and a spark plug opening in the side thereof, a spark plug partially projecting within said spark plug opening, forming a pocket inwardly of the plug, a reciprocating piston within the cylinder having an explosion chamber therein, and a side passage leading from said chamber adapted for alternate registry with said openings, means for supplying an explosive charge to the chamber and means for supplying an initial ignition charge of explosive mixture to said pocket whereby upon the operative sparking of the plug, the charge within the pocket is adapted for ignition communicating through 'said side passage of the piston to the main charge within said explosion chamber.

at. An explosive motor comprising a cylinder, a reciprocating piston within the cylinder having an explosion chamber within the piston, and a combined firing and exhaust passage for said chamber provided through the piston, the cylinder having a plug opening and an exhaust opening adapted to alternitely register with said passage when the piston is adjacent 'the opposite extremity of .LllS movement' aspark plug prqectmg into sand plug openlng provxdlng an lgmt on pocket and explosion ehamber (luring suc- (GSSlVG re'mprocutlons of the'plston and lgnlting means for the mlxture in SELlCl pocket adapted for operation when said passage is in substantial reglstry with said pocket. 7 In teshmony whereof I aifix my slgnature.

' HO'WARD I. SAvVYER. 

